Whats so bad about feeling good Essay Example For Students

Whats so bad about feeling good? Essay Politics and circumstance have conspired, it seems, to land us squarely in the No Generation: Sex is dangerous, private freedoms are public business, personal flamboyance is suspect. Small wonder that were nostalgic for the profligate pastfor a time when the sensualist was ascendent, when the flouting of conventional wisdom earned one a place, paradoxically, in the wisest of coteries; when the real social danger seemed to be in not exercising freedom. If it werent too close for clear-eyed perspective, the 1970sthe so-called Me Generationmight serve as an antidote to the censorious present. But theatre companies are gazing further back: to the rich and complex allurements of the Restoration. In todays pleasure-negative atmosphere, the Restoration comedies of 300 years ago might seem on the surface to be pretty museum pieces, distant and enticing. But recent attention paid them by Actors Theatre of Louisville and Washington, D.C.s Arena Stage attest to their affinities with our present age. ATLs Classics in Context Festival, culminating in a visitors weekend last Oct. 9-11, addressed the social, aesthetic and political influences surrounding the plays of Etherege, Wycherley, Behn, Congreve and Farquhar. Three days of lectures and colloquia were accompanied by productions of John Aubreys Brief Lives and Farquhars The Beaux Stratagem. The following week, Arena opened Congreves The Way of the World. Outline1 An explosion of license  2 Practicing safer theatre  3 Artifice twice removed   An explosion of license   We will write a custom essay on Whats so bad about feeling good? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now No mere exercise in theatre history, the Louisville conference was illuminated throughout by sparks of contemporary recognition. To quote Wycherleys Lady Fidget, Comparisons are odious. But who could miss the analogy to the age of AIDS when it was pointed out that the London Plague of 1665 was thought by some at the time to be divine retribution against a licentious era? Without explicitly evoking modern corollaries, Albert Wertheim of Indiana University implied that the cycle of expression and repression of artistic freedom that whirled through the Restoration is one that is spinning around even today. The periods explosion of theatrical license was the result of Oliver Cromwells Puritan rule over England from 1642 to 1660; Wertheim raised hopes that perhaps, after an analogous 12-year Republican reign, we are today preparing for another explosion. As Columbia Universitys Julie Stone Peters detailed the inextricable relationship between art, sex and politics in the hyper-eroticized court of Charles II, one couldnt help but ponder what a queasy mixture those ingredients make today. Just as sex has become increasingly politicized in the 1990s, profanity and moral turpitude were utilized as a political cudgel at the end of the 17th century. A reading from Jeremy Colliers 1698 diatribe A Short View of the Immorality and Profaneness of the English Stage, peppered with words like smuttiness, debauchery, indecency and rankness, evoked the Rev. Donald Wildmon and his American Family Associations attacks on blasphemous and obscene art. A discussion on the necessity of embracing the controversial became so volatile that several Louisville audience members got up and left the auditorium during the weekends concluding colloquium on theatre censorship. Practicing safer theatre   The voluptuous pleasures of watching a play are ideally selfless, and therefore moral. An examination of the immorality of the Restoration stage and its period reveals a surprisingly moral landscape. In selecting Restoration plays for production, both ATL and Arena took a self-consciously restricted modern perspective: Despite the promising lure of outrage and delight, the two companies ultimately practiced safer theatre, deflating the impassioned plea voiced in Louisville by Ben Cameron, formerly of the National Endowment of the Arts, that theatre reclaim the issues of principle rather than taste, of the long-term investment in the creative spirit rather than the issues of momentary comfort. Satire, by its very nature, has a moral purpose. Although leaning toward the good-natured, sentimental plays of Steele and the later laughing comedies of Sheridan and Goldsmith, Farquhars Beaux Stratagemthe centerpiece of the Classics in Context weekendbuilds from this morally satiric base. ATLs literary manager Michael Bigelow Dixon asserts that this most frequently produced comedy of the 18th century presents a portrait of necessitythe necessary actions that men and women must take in a society that discriminates and limits the rights of women, younger sons and the lower classes. When he wrote the play in 1707, Farquhar was poor, ill and wretchedly married, and so his actual intention may not have been to repair widespread societal wrongs so much as to paint a portrait of freedom from individual pain. Yet the two things are really the same. His last line, though in reference to Englands as yet unestablished divorce laws, is a vestige of the lubricousness that ruled Charles IIs cour t some 40 years earlier: Consent is law enough to set you free. As an anthem from the 1960s put it: If it feels good, do it. Personal happiness seems an unexalted goal, but not if it is embraced with bravura and gusto. In the ATL production of Beaux Stratagem, unfortunately, the lovers, the schemers, the thieves, the intoxicants all seemed to go through their paces for reasons other than sensual fulfillment, emphasizing stratagem over desire. Ray Frys production of John Aubreys Brief Lives, adapted by Patrick Garland, gave a truer taste and feel of Restoration life. In Paul Owens outstanding scenic design, the smell of rotting fruit, chamber pots and scalded milk was almost palpable. William McNulty as Aubrey addressed the audience directly, implicating us in his web of gossip and delineating a character who would desiccate and perish without these tales to tell. Ultimately, Aubreys own life is a sad one because it is virtually non-existent; he defines himself by others deeds and thoughts, by the mandates of the status quo, by the necessities of appearance in a beau monde. Rather than exposing the rank underbelly of society, Congreves 1770 Way of the World with its perukes, powders, chiffon and convolutions of plot that detract from harsher sexual-political realities takes a safer route than, say, Ethereges Man of Mode or Vanbrughs The Relapse or Wycherleys The Plain Dealer, which skewer uptight, upright moralists. Writing under more-or-less self-imposed censorship, Congreve was responding to both a shifting popular taste and the very public temper tantrum of the Rev. Jeremy Collier. (Collier reserved especially damning censure for Congreves earlier plays, particularly Love for Love.) Although reluctant to enter into the fray, Congreve published his own pamphlet in 1698, Amendments of Mr. Colliers False and Imperfect Citations, in which he defends his own dramaturgy. I will not justify any of myerrors; I am sensible of many, he wrote later, admitting that there are crimes too daring and too horrid for comedy. What starts out as apologia ends up reading like apology. Disheartened, perhaps, by self-censorship, Congreve was to make Way of the World his last play. .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac , .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac .postImageUrl , .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac , .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac:hover , .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac:visited , .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac:active { border:0!important; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac:active , .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u47bf107042d169f3e13ef189a493c4ac:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Moot Essay Artifice twice removed   Congreve superimposes on his characters the suppression he himself was experiencing. The way of his world is the way of self-negation; nowhere in the play is there any of the freewheeling, free-spirited hedonism (except the love for money) that propelled his earlier works. Even the romantic relationships are reduced to purely mercenary levels; the courtship of Millamont and Mirabell, for example, culminates in the famous proviso scene an uncannily prophetic version of todays prenuptial agreement. The modern parallels of Way of the World have more to do with the events surrounding the writing of the play than with the experience of watching it; though purporting to show us the way of the Restoration world, it merely tells us what it looked and felt like, and even that representation is artifice twice removed because Congreve was writing under pressure the pressure of a changing society. But if Arenas production of Way of the World was unsanguine, it was no fault of the director, designers or actors. This visually stunning production unfolded in a series of artificial tableaux, pretty and arch, against a painted floor by Loy Arcenas depicting secret missives and watchful eyes, and with sumptuous costumes by Paul Tazewell. A clever new prologue written by production dramaturg Laurence Maslon helped explain the nearly inexplicable relationships between the characters. The direction by Kyle Donnelly was taut, rooted in time and personality. She transplanted the opening sceneoriginally set in a chocolate house to a steaming room. The sight of Mirabell, Fainall and Witwoud draped in nothing but towels was thematically bold; stripped of their waistcoats, breeches and wigs, the characters could have been our contemporaries. Juicier figs of the Restoration are ripe for picking. If a modern-day renaissance of Restoration studies and theatre is indeed underway, let us make our choices as brazen and as combative as the early Restoration, but with the full understanding that, inevitably, the cycle will come around again, and a New Puritanism will resurface. As it always has. Perhaps it is the spinning of the wheel that determines from time to time our freedom.

Challenges of the Media in Representing Gender

Challenges of the Media in Representing Gender Introduction The issue of gender and equality has been a subject of discussion for a long time in many parts of the world. Since gender is an outcome of socialization, various factors and agents of socialization contribute greatly to the heated debate of gender identity. Studies of Eschholz Bufkin (2001) record that media can be described as a site where the battle concerning gender related issues is fought.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Challenges of the Media in Representing Gender specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is due to the fact that media is not only popular but also but also wide as it includes, print, audio, visual and audio visual. It is not easy to underestimate various roles played by the media. Nonetheless, scholars have raised a major concern concerning representation of gender in the media. Even through all media is affected by the challenge of gender representation, film and movie ind ustries are greatly affected by same. Several studies which have been conducted illustrate that movies and films are characterized by gender stereotype and violence. Before raising an accusing finger at the industry, it is important to note that the main aim of the industry is to make profit which is only achievable by meeting demands of the audience. However, that does not imply that the industry does not have a great role of ensuring that gender representation is done adequately. Nonetheless, with the current challenges that affect gender like people’s perception and lack of fixed gender identity, movies are challenged to represent gender accurately and balance between making profit and pleasing the audience. With that background in mind, this paper shall focus on various challenges experienced media in representing gender and ensuring that their targets are met. Background Information It is important to research on the trend of gender representation in various films to be in a position to understand various challenges that may have contributed to the situation. Various studies have been conducted to research on roles played by female characters in various movies and films. It is true that movies and films contain both female and male characters and they do play different and various roles. According to the studies of Gilpatric (2010), some people have been having a problem by roles played by women characters the action movies. Further studies indicated that in various action movies, it is rare to have female characters playing as hero and in case they appear, it is only in a romantic relationship. Worse still, even in a romantic relationship, there is usually a strong male character in control of everything. Results in a content analysis illustrated that even in films featuring male dominated professionals, women usually take lesser roles and more often that not, they are usually involved with love affairs.Advertising Looking for research pap er on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many films illustrate women as more feminine since they are displayed as sensitive, easy to manipulate and romantic. On the other hand, men are more masculine as they are illustrated as risk takers, athletic and more aggressive. Such results are clear indications that most of the movies are characterized by gender stereotype since most of the character traits displayed are masculine and feminine stereotypes. Challenges the Media Faces in Representing Gender People’s Perception on Gender The issue of gender is a controversial issue in all sectors. Therefore, it becomes a major challenge for the media to deal with an already controversial topic. In the current world, people have got their own understanding of gender roles. For instance, in many societies, men are viewed as superior to women and are associated with various masculine stereotype character traits. Likewi se, women are also viewed as inferior to men and more often than not, they are associated with feminine stereotype character traits like submissiveness and sensitivity. Moreover, the issue of gender stereotypes is a mater of concern not only to feminists but also to other people in the society. Therefore, people are always sensitive to any advert, film or movie that touches on gender issues. Given that people have their own perception of gender, they end up using the same in interpretation of various movies and films. This issue was well illustrated in the studies of Lee (2008) after carrying out a study to research on the interpretation of people on various marriages that are featured in Disney Films. The results of the study indicated that most of informants viewed marriages in the film in relation to their perception towards gender. For example, to the majority, men usually accomplish their goals without many hindrances while women have got a lot of obstacles to overcome. Althoug h some were able to point out that there are some personal preferences that hinder marriage, some we are still more focused on roles of women in the traditional set up as well as the unfair treatment of women. The issue of gender being a sensitive and controversial requires no emphasis. Moreover, the research has indicated that people have their own perception on gender and other same is prone to change. This is due to the fact that some women who were interviewed made their interpretations in relation to the traditional gender roles while others based their argument on the views present in the contemporary society.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Challenges of the Media in Representing Gender specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In such a situation, it is a big challenge for the media and the film industry to adequately represent both genders when people have their own perception. Worse still, perceptions are not only diverse, but do change with time. It is clear that there is no satisfactory position that media can take even if it is expected to represent gender appropriately. Balancing Between Making Profits and Pleasing the Audience The foremost aim of the movie industry is making profits and it can only be achieved by making sure that the needs of the audience are met. To begin with, the audience comprises both males and females and all do posses different views concerning gender. Men enjoy most when they watch films that display women who are more submissive and less independent. On the contrary, women especially in the current world are more pleased when they watch films featuring independent women. The current era is characterized by transition from the traditional outlook of gender where women were inferior to men to the modern outlook where equality is emphasized. However, it is important to note that there are still some people in the society whose view on gender is determined by traditional beliefs and values. For instance, the study which was conducted in Disney marriages indicated that although some people in the society are more realistic when interpreting films, there are others who are guided by the traditional outlook of gender and gender roles (Lee 2008). Since there a lot of changes concerning the issues related to gender, the movie industry is expected to change accordingly which is a major challenge. It is a fact that women and men may have conflicting views on gender and gender roles. In addition the movie industry must meet the needs of both in order to make any profit. More often than not, movies that meet the needs of men may not end up meeting the needs of women. For instance, films like Tomb Raider featuring Lara Croft and the Kill Bill show that feature empowered women may evoke negative views from men whose perception on gender is defined by traditional outlook. On the other hand, the same movie may become very important to women of the post modernism era. Therefore, in such a situation, movie industry and movie makers are usually at a loss when deciding which position to take. Although it is argued that such films and movies are still making, either position taken just displays inappropriate gender representation. However, a critical analysis of the situation and issues present in the society concerning gender explain how hard it is to arrive at an appropriate representation (Smelik, 2010).Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is no Fixed Gender Identity Gender identity refers to an individual’s perception in relation to either being male or female and the same may be different from the biological sex. However, to many people, gender identity is defined by the biological sex. It is important to note that currently there are some people who may be biologically females but do identify themselves as males. Similarly, there are other biological males who identify themselves as females. Such a situation is defined by studying various characteristics that define gender like gender roles. Apart from that, there are other people who are in between male and females and are usually referred to as transsexual. Although the situation may have been there before, it is more prevalent currently since as highlighted earlier, there is a change in gender roles and other characteristics that define gender. Therefore, when focusing about gender representation, it is not clear which gender is being focused on. In itially, there was a major problem in representing males and females as the only options of gender. Although studies of Gilpatric (2010) indicate that there has been an issue of gender misrepresentation in the movie industry, the worst hit is the advertisement industry. This is attributed to the fact that gender representation in advertising is characterized by sexism as most advertisements contain behaviours and attitudes that favour one gender. In most advertisements, women are usually illustrated as sexual objects. Studies of Cortese (2008) illustrate that most advertisements do not only help in bringing out the difference between men and women but also in illustrating the cultural assumption of most people that men are superior to women. The situation becomes worse when advertising beauty products since a beautiful woman is usually illustrated as tall, smooth and slender. Although masculinity is also displayed in the mass media through various advertisements, women are usually i llustrated sex objects. The world is also characterized by violence towards women and the advertising industry plays a very big role in the same. This is usually due to the advertisement of alcoholic beverages that promote violence against women. In addition, most of the advertisements contain pictures illustrating sexual violence. Studies of Eschholz Bufkin (2001) also illustrate that even other films and movies are characterized by violence. The case on advertising just illustrates how hard it has been to represent both males and females, no matter the necessity. It is explicit that dealing with males and females is a major problem. Therefore, lack of fixed gender identity complicates the issue even further. This is due to the fact that it is not obvious for a man to take the gender identifying of males and the same case applies to women. More to that the gender identity may change as a result of exposure to various factors that affect gender like the issue of culture which is no t only dynamic but also prone to change. Such factors make gender representation not only difficult, but also a complicated issue due to the fact that with the changing gender roles, it is difficult to mark appropriate gender representation. Conclusion The challenge of media in representing gender needs no emphasis although some believe that the media is not doing enough. This due to the fact that the issue of gender and gender roles is heavily affected by culture which is not only dynamic, but also prone to change. It is easier to conclude that media should embrace change especially in relation to gender roles in the society (Gauntlett, 2008). On the other hand, it bears noting that societies are very diverse. For example, in places like United States, a woman is viewed as independent and less submissive. In places like Asia as illustrated in the film ‘No Joy, No Luck’, the issue of submissiveness is not a stereotype but a fact (Hegedorn 1994). Therefore, it is questio nable how the Asian movies can fulfil the expectation of the audience and at the same time promote narcissism amongst women. In addition, in advertisement, studies of Cortese (2008) indicate that people are currently complaining against the advertisements which are offensive and the same was unheard of some years back. Bent on that, it is important to recognize that media has got many challenges in representing gender due to many factors like lack of fixed gender identity, peoples perception on culture as well as balancing between making profit and meeting the needs of the audience. Therefore, as much as there should be appropriate gender representation, there many hindrances which ought not to be overlooked References Cortese, A. J. (2008). Images of Women and Minorities in Advertising. New York: Rowman Littlefield. Eschholz, S. Bufkin, J. (2001). Crime in the Movies: Investigating the Efficacy of Measures of Both Sex and Gender for Predicting Victimization and Offending in Film. Sociological Forum, 16 (4), 655-676. Gauntlett, D. (2008). Media, gender and identity: an introduction. Abingdon: Taylor Francis. Gilpatric, K. (2010). Violent Female Action Characters in Contemporary American Cinema. Sex Roles, 62, 734–746. Hagedorn, J. (1994). Asian Women in Film, No Joy, No Luck. Academic Research Library, 4 (4), 74-80. Lee, L. (2008). Understanding Gender through Disney’s Marriages: A Study of Young Korean Immigrant Girls. Early Childhood Educ (36), 11-18. Smelik, A. (2010). Lara Croft: Kill Bill and the Battle for Theory in Feminists Film Studies. Singapore Management University.

Analysis of Fuzzy Logic

Analysis of Fuzzy Logic This was a paper on Fuzzy Logic I wrote for my Programming in C++ Intro class, I dont think it is very good myself. You could probably use it in a intro to computers class, or some kind of high school programming class. I have no idea what I got on the paper, I dont have the graded copy any more. This would be a great paper to use as a starting point. Hope this saves you some time and effort. Fuzzy Logic What is fuzzy logic? How does it differ from conventional logic? Who discovered fuzzy logic? How can it be used today? How is it being used, and by whom? These questions are questions I will attempt to answer in this brief discussion of fuzzy logic, so let us begin. The first and most important question is What is fuzzy logic? Fuzzy logic the logic people use in day to day decisions. Instead of all items falling into one set, as in conventional logic, items can fall into multiple sets. A good example would be the big cat question. There are two sets in this problem The cat is golden, and The cat is black. A lion clearly fits into the first set The cat is golden. A Black Panther clearly fits into the second set The cat is black. But what about a jaguar, it has a golden coat with black spots, it does not clearly fit into any one of the sets, so it a part of both. The main difference between fuzzy logic, and conventional logic is this. Conventional logic holds that something cannot be a mender of two sets. Fuzzy logic holds that things can be a part of multiple sets. The term fuzzy logic was brought forth in 1965 by a professor at the University of Berkeley, named Lofti A. Zadeh. Zadeh wondered why it was that people can base decisions on imprecise, non-numerical information, yet they are better at making complex decisions that machines. These ideas were presented to the world in 1973, in his paper titles Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. In this paper Zadeh introduced the idea of a linguistic variable, and a fuzzy IF-THEN rule. The concepts introduced in this paper paved the way for real world applications. Now a days fuzzy logic is being used in many different fields, and in many different ways. Some fuzzy-based consumer products include camcorders, washing machines, color TVs, and fuzzy computer chips. Unfortunately the US has been very slow to use this new type of logic. All of the products listed above were created by Japanese companies. Part of the reason US companies were so slow to utilize this new type of logic my stem from cultural differences between the eastern, and western ways of thinking. In conclusion fuzzy logic has many applications that havent even been explored yet, and in some applications it is better than conventional logic.

Government Regulation of Climate Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Government Regulation of Climate Change - Essay Example n the atmosphere is believed to cause extreme climatic conditions such as droughts, torrential rains, floods and heat waves and these have catastrophic effects on human beings and animals. However, of growing concern is the fact that human activities as a result of industrialization are responsible for causing global warming which is a main contributor to climate change. As such, government regulation of climate change is imperative in order to address this dire situation which is a major threat to people’s lives in the near long run if left unabated. Gore (2006, p. 5) says: â€Å"In every corner of the globe- on land and in water, in melting ice and in disappearing snow, during heat waves and droughts, in eyes of hurricanes and in tears of refugees- the world is witnessing mounting and undeniable evidence that nature’s cycles are profoundly changing.† These extreme changes in climate are making some parts of the globe uninhabitable. Thus, a holistic approach should be taken in order to combat this threat to the climate. Whilst industrial development is necessary to our lives, it must be noted that environmental concerns should also be given priority since they can lead to catastrophic climate changes discussed above. Therefore, government regulation on climate change is imperative. This can significantly help in addressing some of the problems that are caused by human activities with regards to the impacts of global warming. The government being the overall authority in the country, it has the power effect measures that are designed to address the issue of climate change. The government can use command and control regulations where it promulgates policies that are meant to ensure that certain actions are prohibited. For instance, the government can put measures that are meant to minimise the use of substances that are responsible for emitting excessive quantities of greenhouse gas emissions such as coal. The government can also put stringent measures that

Markets & Water rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Markets & Water rights - Essay Example The researcher states that questions regarding property become problematic when it comes to properties that stretch over the boundaries of many private properties (as well as public properties) owned by several owners such as water bodies like streams or rivers. Therefore, it worthwhile to analyze water rights in the light of property issues. McPherson states that property has different connotations in different contexts and he rightly argues that property is a right and not physical possession. For instance, a person may be in possession of a house on rent or for safekeeping on behalf of a friend or a landlord, but that does not mean that the current occupant is the owner of the property. Assuming that rights will settle the matter as to who owns the property there are several instances where the boundaries of rights can become confusing. One is where the property is described as a common one and the other is where the property in question is a water body. As McPherson purports ever yone has an 'enforceable claim to use' common lands, public parks, city streets, highways. On the other hand, there are state-owned properties like for example, NASA or other properties owned by the state and federal governments. These properties do not provide the same rights to citizens as do common properties. Such properties are maintained for some specific purpose aimed at the benefit of the society or individual sections of the society and not for individual enjoyment. A court of law is an ideal example, which does not provide an enforceable claim to use sections of the property as in the case of a park or a highway. It may be used under certain conditions to address the rights of citizens to enforce law. The question here is where water bodies that cannot be defined clearly fall in the case of property rights. In an area where there is abundant rainfall or availability of common water bodies, this might not be much of an issue. But the case of the American West, where availab ility of water is more of an issue, the rights of property becomes an issue that needs legal and statutory assistance to find a settlement. Gillian and Brown, in their paper titled 'Instream flow protection' has discussed this issue in some detail, referring to the history of water disputes and laws right from the start of colonization of the country. For instance, the Spaniards followed their own domestic water laws which provide the property owner to use water flowing through their property. But public benefit would override private needs and in such an instance, the latter would prevail. British settlers, who back home had few problems with water, were not as well prepared. After attaining independence, different states in the union had to develop their own laws regarding management of water and most were made according to current demands at the time. For example, the California gold rush prompted lawmakers to allow property owners to use water for their own use. American law fol lowing British statutes aimed at implementing what is known as the Riparian law whereby any owner who has access to flowing water (watercourse) adjacent or through his property can make reasonable use of it for his own use.

Describe the physical and economic factors Essay Example for Free

Describe the physical and economic factors Essay Bournemouth is Dorsets largest city. It has grown in size since the early 1800s to a population over 160,000 today. There are various reasons why Bournemouth is desirable and has attracted so many people. Bournemouth seems to have a certain charm that other British characteristics that many other seaside towns fail to offer. Physical: Bournemouth is situated on a Jurassic world heritage coastline meaning that it offers a beauty that other coastlines lack and people are aware of its beauty. Many new families are drawn to the area as they believe that it is a good area to raise a family, and that it holds good and secure prospects. Although not the vital factor when families relocate, people like to feel safe and have nice surroundings. Bournemouth has these; the city is approximately 21 miles away from the New Forest. The middle class families that choose towns such as Bournemouth like the fact that they are so close to beautiful pastures and cycle paths through the forests, as Cities such as London and Manchester do not offer such environmental diversity. Bournemouth is keen on keeping the building of new buildings as low as possible, encouraging developments to take place on unused brownfield sites to try and worsen the costal squeeze. Bournemouth wants to keep its rare assortment of coast, countryside and city developments. However, there are some new developments in the town; the Bournemouth Pavilion Gardens is a i 59 million project that will see a nine screen cinema, 15 restaurants and over 30+ shops using unused land to create the development. Economic: Unlike many other costal towns, Bournemouth has been fortunate enough to see an economic boom take place. The service sector in Bournemouth has taken off; more residents have seen employment in banking, finance and tourism/ leisure. JP Morgan, a large and well respected American ban has chosen Bournemouth to have a large office on the edge of the city, employing over 4000 people. With the likes of JP Morgan setting up offices here, it means that other banks such as Barclays and Abbey Life have chosen to have offices in Bournemouth. These companies also find Bournemouth desirable due to the university, with graduates finding well paid jobs in these footloose industries. This has some affect on stopping a brain drain that other seaside towns have experienced, with Bournemouth having a surprisingly bottom-heavy population for a British seaside town. Transport in and out of the city has greatly improved since the 1980s, in the late 80s the rail links were improved shortening the length of journeys to London to just 2 hours. This could mean people decide to commute from Bournemouth to London. However, the airport has helped Bournemouth economically develop, with links to cities all over Europe it will continue the cycle that JP Morgan by setting up office in the town, due to its proximity to London and links to Europe. Being the 3rd best airport in the world by The Telegraph newspaper will give it some extra prestige too. Although the tourist trade in Bournemouth is not what it once would have been; now a lot more day-trippers are visiting the town. People might be staying the New Forest and visit Bournemouth for a day. Alternatively, people are using the train links from London to Bournemouth to visit for the day too, leaving early in the morning and returning in the evening. They are not spending as much as people who would have once holidayed here for the week, but are still contributing to the upkeep of Bournemouths economy. In conclusion, Bournemouth is a crowded coast due to having career prospects that entice the young to stay in the town. There is not as big a case of a brain-drain that other coastal towns may experience. With over 62% of the population being under the age of 49 it means the town is not just a retirement town that other costal towns such as Walton- on- the Naze have experienced. People inwardly migrate here due to the towns environmental diversity. Some middle class families find that raising children in a town such as Bournemouth is a safer environment than a city. Bournemouth is only 2 hours from London, offering cheaper house prices, a sluggish but achievable commute to London and its proximity to the national park the New Forest have all contributed to Bournemouth being a crowded coast in the 21st century.

Computer Addiction Essay -- essays research papers

Computer and internet have become daily features of our lives. Some people have displaced work, school, friends and even family with computer. When too much time is spent on the computer that it reaches a limit where family, social relationship, school and work life is interrupted, that people may be caught in addiction. Like any other addiction, computer addiction had replaced the importance of life with internet. Computers are bad for your health and decrease attachments with your true life. There are many signs and symptoms of computer addiction. A person might have a guilty feeling while on the computer, they might feel very sad and depressed when computer time is minimized or disturbed. That person might lose control of time when on the computer and are enable to quit or cut down computer time, use the computer often to replace their depression or sadness with happiness. They also ignore their family or responsibilities to be online, lie to other people about the time spend on the computer, may get tempted in a relationship with a stranger which may end up into victimizatio...

Internet Cafes Essay

WITHIN a few months China will overtake America as the country with the world’s largest number of internet users. Even when you factor in (include s/t as a relevant element when making a decision) China’s size and its astonishing rate of GDP growth, this will be a remarkable achievement for what remains a poor economy. For the past three years China has also been the world’s largest exporter of information and communications technology (ICT). It already has the same number of mobile-phone users (500m) as the whole of Europe. China is by no means the only emerging economy in which new technology is being eagerly embraced. In frenetic (fast and energetic) Mumbai, everyone seems to be jabbering (talk rapidly and excitedly) non-stop on their mobile phones: according to India’s telecoms regulator, half of all urban dwellers have mobile- or fixed-telephone subscriptions and the number is growing by 8m a month. The India of internet cafà ©s and internet tycoons produces more engineering graduates than America, makes software for racing cars and jet engines and is one of the top four pharmaceutical producers in the world. In a different manifestation of technological progress, the country’s largest private enterprise, Tata, recently unveiled the â€Å"one lakh car†; priced at the equivalent of $2,500, it is the world’s cheapest. Meanwhile, in Africa, people who live in mud huts use mobile phones to pay bills or to check fish prices and find the best market for their catch. Yet this picture of emerging-market technarcadia (ideal techno paradise) is belied (fail to give a true notion) by parallel accounts of misery and incompetence. Last year ants ate the hard drive of a photographer in Thailand. Last week internet usage from Cairo to Kolkata was disrupted after something—probably an earthquake—sliced through two undersea cables. Personal computers have spread slowly in most emerging economies: three-quarters of low-income countries have fewer than 15 PCs per 1,000 people—and many of those computers are gathering dust (1). And the feting (celebration) of prominent technology projects in emerging economies is sometimes premature. Nicholas Negroponte, of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, has long been championing a $100 laptop computer, presented with most fanfare at the World Economic Forum in Davos two years ago. The laptop was supposed to sweep through poor countries, scattering knowledge and connectivity all around (2). But the project is behind schedule, the computer does not work properly and one prominent backer, Intel, a  chipmaker, has pulled out. So how well are emerging economies using new technology, really? Hitherto, judgments have had to be based largely on anecdotes. Now the World Bank has supplemented the snapshot evidence with more comprehensive measures.

Analysis and Interpretation of Don Juan

Analysis and Interpretation of Don Juan canto 1 stanza LXV to LXX: Don Juan was written by Lord Byron. He started writing it from 1818. The manuscript was not complete at the time of Byron's death in 1824. Byron coined the term â€Å"Byronic Hero†. Don Juan is definitely a Byronic Hero. He has all the Characteristics of a Byronic Hero. This poem constantly takes me back to the 1800s, because at that time women had no rights at all. If they married someone then they were treated like property of their husbands and if they stayed single then their parents dictated every single thing she did with every single person.For most part women were not allowed to stay single unless they were nuns or prostitutes. Even when they were married they were not allowed to hold control of inherited wealth. They did not have the right to own a slave or even vote. Women were economically dependent. If a woman did something wrong and people find out about it, she would be tainted and blemished forev er and also banished from society but if a man does the same thing or even worse, he could still be able to hold his head up high in society. Julia married Alfonso only because she had to. Alfonso never showed his jealousy because nobody likes a jealous person.Alfonso cared about what people thought and he was cleaver and careful. He never wanted people to know about his illegal affairs. I personally think Donna Inez is a psychopath and a Sociopath both. I mean why else would she use her son to destroy the relationship of her lover and his wife. Julia is not as complicated as Inez. Julia does not realize what Inez had in her mind. I think she thought Inez actually wanted to be her friend. Being a simple girl Julia probably didn’t know about Alfonso and Inez’s affair. When Juan was a child Julia showed affection for him but that was just normal and innocent.When Juan hit puberty something changed between both of them. They felt attracted to each other. As a grown woman Julia realized why she was feeling this way. But Juan is completely different. His mother never let him mix and mingle with people of his own age. At first he didn’t even realize what was happening to him. This poem follows a third person point of view. In these stanza’s Byron talks about lot of important issues but the tone is always humorous and satiric. Don Juan is a lot like Byron himself. The difference is Byron was highly educated and Juan had no interest in that line.

Article Summary Essays

Article Summary Essays Article Summary Essay Article Summary Essay The article â€Å"Marketing: A ‘Little House’ Makeover† by Karen Springen discusses 75th anniversary of ‘Little House’ books. She assumes that books shouldn’t be judged by their cover only. Karen admits that this month the photos of models were used on the cover pages instead of Garth Williams’ illustrations. The executive editor of publishing house says that those illustrations are out-of-date and they â€Å"wanted to convey the fact that these are action-packed†. Therefore, the article discusses changes to be introduced in cover art. It is noted that nowadays the publishers are willing to alter cover art, because children are more interested in video and computer games. It is suggested that kids grasp faster cover pages with, for example, Dakota Fanning rather than with a girl with a pig. The author provides different opinions toward the idea to alter cover art. Children aren’t really attracted by pictures and illustrations which were loved by their fathers and mother. For contemporary children such illustrations appear â€Å"musty and dusty†. The author asserts that children prefer to read book when the main heroes are pictured on the cover page. Real people are better suited for today’s children than drawings. Many drawings are re-illustrated and artists are trying to make them as contemporary as it is possible to meet the demands and desires of contemporary audience. Nevertheless, the factor of nostalgia is present and drawing remain to show parents their past and to make them share books with their families. Article Summary Essays Article Summary Essay Article Summary Essay Article Summary Name of Article: What Are The Benefits of Aromatherapy Source of Article: http://whydir.com/articledetail.phpartid=95088catid=75 Date of Article: March 08, 2008 Summary: In this article it speaks about aromatherapy. According to this article, the key in order to understand what aromatherapy is lies in the use of aromatic oils and liquids. Also, others define aromatherapy as a form of alternative medicine that made use of volatile liquids called the essential oils and may also include the use of other aromatic materials with the objective of influencing the mood of one person or the patient. When saying that it makes you wonder how can oil and liquids are any form of therapy. Well according to the article, a French chemist by the name of Rene-Maurice Gattefosse was the one who came up with the term aromatherapy. After being burned on his arm in a laboratory and some way his arm was thrust near the lavender oil. Gattefosse observed a relief and the burn healed swiftly with less marks and with the smallest amount of pain just by him trusting his arms on some lavender oil. This development directed Gattefosse to work on essential oils as an alternative to known medicines. This article also speaks about patients who have claustrophobic. Now, you may wonder what the use of aromatic oils and liquids could have to do with people who fear being closed in. Well based on the researches as the Sloan-Kettering, aromatherapy reduces the attacks on claustrophobic patients that undergo MRI scans. And then it could be that they feel so relax that all the fear just goes away. To conclude, when reading this article the thought whatâ„ ¢s the point of using aromatherapy. I thought itâ„ ¢s not anything but aromatic oils and liquids being used on a patient for relaxation from a fear and whatever else its used for. But one thing I have truly learn from this article is that the effect and the benefits of aromatherapy on one person is not due to the chemicals that are found to be interacting with the persons senses, rather the oil contains the refinement of the life force of the plant that can help balance the energies of the body and at the same time promote healing.

Remington Consulting Group Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Remington Consulting Group - Essay Example Elements of intellectual capital include human capital, social capital, and organizational capital. The branch of economic theory concerned with the value embodied in a firm’s human resources is known as human capital management. Human capital management has been described as "a strategic approach to people management that focuses on issues that are critical to the organization's success." The most significant link between human resources management and human capital management is the definition of the link between the two. Human capital management is concerned with the measurement metrics. However, it is not primarily about measurement but creating and demonstrating the value that people and people management can contribute to an organization. The practice of human capital management begins with the collection of data and continuation with measurements and reporting. Specific applications of human capital management relate to human resources strategy formulation, talent manag ement, learning and development, knowledge management, performance management, and reward management (Baron and Armstrong, 2008). Human capital management practices allow value extraction rather than value creation as a way to maximize the value of the firm. Human capital has been considered an organization’s intangible assets. These include competencies such as skills, experience, potential and capacity. It is widely believed that people with the right profile and capability provide a competitive advantage that cannot be replicated. Changes in practices have led human capital to become an important driver of organizational performance. Drivers include the acceptance that human capital is a key asset driving creation of value; move in human resource function from efficiency to effectiveness, the cost to adding value, inputs to outputs, data collection to analysis, and operational performance (Ceridian, 2007). In the case study, Remington has not focussed on the value that can be derived from their human resources. The firm has consultants for specific domains within each branch. However, the use of tools to maximize human capital management has not been optimized.

Ramadan of Islam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ramadan of Islam - Essay Example This is an annual tradition and is regarded as one of the Five Pillars of Islam (Hedayetullah 84). As such, it can be said to be considered one of the most important aspects of being a Muslim and one cannot claim to be of this religion if they do not practice this act every year. Failing to do so is considered to be a sin of immense proportions and unthinkable for a devout Muslim. The length of this month is not set in stone but lasts between 29 and 30 days based upon the visual sightings of the crescent moon which signifies its close (Hedayetullah 88). Though this practice has to be upheld by all adult Muslims, there are certain exceptions that for various individuals whereby they may be excluded from participating in the fasting. These exceptions are in relation to an individual’s physical condition at the time of Ramadan such as if one is ill or a diabetic, in cases of women they are excepted if they are pregnant or happen to be going through their menstrual cycle at that p oint in time (Esposito 61). One is also allowed to be excluded from the fast if they are traveling as the Islam religion recognizes that one should eat to maintain their energies when involved in such an activity. Apart from the cases that have been mentioned above, every other Muslim is expected to uphold the practice of Ramadan when the time comes. Fasting during the time of Ramadan involves refraining form a number of things from a particular time of day (dawn) until a certain time (sunset) that is usually decided after calculations are done (Esposito 65). The time of the opening and closing of the fast during Ramadan may differ from region to region, but the period length remains the same everywhere. This is to say that, for example, individuals in a certain area that have began fasting at an earlier time than others in a different area will stop their fast before those who started after them (Tuner 43). During this period, one is to refrain from eating foodstuffs, drinking liqu ids, smoking, sexual relations and in some interpretations of the Quran, even swearing during this time is prohibited. Once the period of fast has closed, an individual is permitted to eat and drink again until the opening of the fast the next day. According to the Islam religion, it is believed that fasting brings about a lot of rewards (known as Sawab) from Allah and that during Ramadan, these rewards are multiplied and come in even more quantity for those who uphold the practice of Ramadan. Apart from refraining from the items and activities that have been mentioned, an individual is also expected to increase the number of times that they pray (known as salat) as well as their recitation of the Quran (Esposito 67). This is to note the devout nature of this time and indicate the fact that this period has been dedicated to Allah instead of the satisfaction of human desires. According to the Quran, Ramadan is considered to be the most sacred of all months as this is the time when th e Islamic prophet Muhammad first received revelations form Allah and thus as a result the Muslim faithful are to maintain its sacredness through fasting and prayer during this period of time. The beginning of Ramadan occurs with the Hilal and is usually a day or more after the appearance of the new moon. As the new moon is a sign of the beginning of the new month, one can safely